Preprint Open access
On the Geometry of Multimodal Saturation: Riemannian VICReg
In self-supervised learning, a third modality should improve, or at least preserve, performance. Across nine image-text-tabular datasets, we show that it instead harms performance: the trimodal model underperforms its own best bimodal subset in 55.6% of paired runs under VICReg. The same failure occurs in 51.1% of pair …