Abstract
Abnormal vaginal bleeding is one of the complaints of women during menopause. Various diseases such as endometrial atrophy, polyps, and endometrial cancers may lead to postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. This report describes a case of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding caused by pregnancy. A 54-year-old woman referred to the prenatal clinic in Arak, Iran, with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding in 2018. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed an uterine pregnancy. At 28 weeks of gestation, she referred to the health center and her prenatal care began in the midwifery clinic. She gave birth to a baby girl at 34 weeks through a cesarian section. This case reminds practitioners and midwives that pregnancy may be one of the etiologies of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding especially in women with sexual activity. Therefore, a free beta-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hormone measurement should be conducted and if found to be elevated, followed by appropriate imaging tests.
Keywords
Subject
Publication details
- DOI
- 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19
- Journal
- Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 25(3), 260
- Publisher
- Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
- Open access
- Gold open access
- License
- CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Cite this article
APA 7
Attarha, M., & Mirsafi, R. S. (2020). Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 25(3), 260. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19
MLA 9
Attarha, Mahtab, and Rafat Sadat Mirsafi. "Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report." Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, vol. 25, no. 3, 2020, pp. 260. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19.
Chicago (author–date)
Attarha, Mahtab, and Rafat Sadat Mirsafi. 2020. "Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report." Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research 25 (3): 260. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19.
Harvard
Attarha, M. and Mirsafi, R. S. (2020) 'Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report', Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 25(3), pp. 260. doi:10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19.
Vancouver
Attarha M, Mirsafi RS. Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2020;25(3):260. doi:10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19
IEEE
M. Attarha, and R. S. Mirsafi, "Postmenopausal pregnancy: A case report," Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 260, 2020, doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_94_19.