Abstract
Benchmarks for full-duplex spoken dialogue models score turn-taking with binary fixed-window rules that reward immediate response or silence by completeness of the prior turn. We argue that the appropriateness of a response offset, whether delayed silence or anticipatory overlap, is conditional on the speaker's latent intent, identifiable only from that speaker's behavior. We introduce TACT, a benchmark of 9,728 episodes and 73.2 hours from five dyadic corpora; each episode carries dialogue history, a per-speaker memory profile, and an annotator-derived posterior over six intent classes. Scoring replaces binary windows with a strictly proper threshold-weighted continuous ranked probability score whose weights are intent-conditioned timing kernels fitted to human floor-transfer-offset distributions, proving boundedness, consistency, and binary reduction. Across eleven systems the best model reaches 0.47 against a human topline of 0.86, is nearly invariant to speaker profiles, and TACT agrees with human judgments at Spearman 0.81 versus 0.46 for binary metrics.
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Publication details
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Cite this article
APA 7
Shamsaie, K., & Modarressi, I. (2026). Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models. https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models
MLA 9
Shamsaie, Kian, and Iman Modarressi. "Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models." https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models.
Chicago (author–date)
Shamsaie, Kian, and Iman Modarressi. 2026. "Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models." https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models.
Harvard
Shamsaie, K. and Modarressi, I. (2026) 'Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models', Available at: https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models.
Vancouver
Shamsaie K, Modarressi I. Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models. https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models
IEEE
K. Shamsaie, and I. Modarressi, "Neither Silence nor Overlap Is Failure: Intent-Conditioned Evaluation of Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Models," https://omanscience.com/en/articles/neither-silence-nor-overlap-is-failure-intent-conditioned-evaluation-of-turn-taking-in-full-duplex-spoken-dialogue-models.