Background: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) is an inhibitory immune checkpoint regulating T cell immune responses. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TIM-3 rs10515746 single-nucleotide polymorphism and the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVI …
In the Editorials of several previous issues, several internal and external factors of the immune system (or body) were mentioned as important factors in immunoregulation. Meanwhile, the main role of immunoregulation in the prevention, control and eradication of various diseases and in protecting individual’s health, a …
Sulfur mustard (SM), an alkylating chemical agent, targets several organs, particularly the respiratory system, and results in early and late toxic effects. Currently, there is a considerable lack of adequate medical countermeasures for SM-associated lung injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by their …
The long COVID-19 syndrome is a complex clinical state that lasts for several months and extends beyond the initial acute infectious phase. More than 200 known symptoms impact two or more organ systems. The most common symptoms include arthralgia, weakness, exhaustion, low effort tolerance, cognitive impairment, poor f …
Background: Sulfur mustard (SM), a chemical weapon used in the Iraq-Iran war from 1983-1988, has multiple chronic complications. This study aimed to evaluate one of the long-act effects of SM, i.e. the senescence according to the severity of injury in veterans via the estimation of biological health score (BHS) and rel …
Background: Clays and clay minerals have great potential for exerting positive impacts on human health and implementation in medical applications. They are industrial minerals used in various medical applications, like drug delivery. Considering the abundance of clay resources in Iran, we decided to investigate the rol …
The lives of people all over the world have been affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic since 2019. The virus originated in Wuhan City, China, and many people around the world are still infected with it daily, and many of them die. Following the prevalence of the virus, many countries were quarant …
A safe and effective vaccine would be the best solution to eradicate the COVID-19 pandemic. Classic platforms are used to develop vaccines including live-attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, and viral vectors. The high vaccine production rate has raised concerns about their safety, altho …
Background: Sulfur mustard as a chemical warfare agent causes short and long-term pulmonary complications in its victims. MicroRNAs are known to act as remarkable regulators of biological pathways, monitoring, and treatment of diseases including respiratory problems. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR …
Background: Regulatory T Cells (Treg) are the subgroups of lymphocytes that control inflammatory responses and regulate homeostasis processes through cellular contact and the secretion of soluble agents. We investigated the frequency of Treg in peripheral blood of sulfur mustard exposed patients with CD4, CD25, CD127, …
Background: During the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi regime frequently used sulfur mustard gas as a weapon in various residential areas, including Sardasht, causing multiple and severe long-term destructive effects on all living organisms, including humans. The pulmonary system is among the most essential organs with varyin …
Background: Nowadays, the impacts of medicinal plants on immune-related diseases are one of the main pharmacological approaches. Thus, here, the modulatory potential of some Allium species on T helper cell cytokines were investigated. Materials and Methods: The different concentrations of aqueous extract of the aged bu …
Background: Hematologic malignancies can be divided into two categories: myeloid and lymphoid, each of which is further divided into acute and chronic. Chronic myeloid diseases consist of Myelodysplasia Syndrome (MDS), Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), and a rare group of MDS/MPN. According to genetic studies, the p …
Background: Finding a sample of healthy tissue is a critical challenge in research studies. Non-pathological Tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT) specimens is usually used as the control in several studies. However, little is known about the similarity of NAT to healthy tissues. Here, we compared the expression of Matrix …
Inequality in health and its multiple dimensions is an essential aspect of social injustice. Several studies have shown that mental and physical health in adulthood is not a phenomenon independent of one’s childhood. Those from lower socioeconomic status have higher mortality and shorter life expectancy. Individualism …
As I noted in my previous editorial, It is necessary to examine the immunological aspects of COVID-19. Thus, in order to identify the underlying mechanisms, design appropriate treatment protocols, and effective vaccination, we started to conduct a multicenter cohort study entitled “Iran-Cohort Study of COVID-19 Immunol …
Background: The nervous, endocrine, and immune systems contribute to the response and dynamic adaption to various stresses. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has been demonstrated in various active critical illnesses. Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Synd …