Research article Open access
Fatal E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-associated Lung Injury Secondary to Streptococcus Constellatus Empyema
Empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus in e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) can result in fatal outcomes. Empyema as a presentation of EVALI is rarely reported. S. constellatus is a known causative pathogen in empyema, typically associated with the elderly and immunocompromised stat …