Abstract
The paper reports the case of a previously healthy 4-year-old-girl who presented with pallor, fever and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory findings included pancytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperferritinemia. Initial diagnosis of kala-azar could not be confirmed because of the absence of clinical evidence, negativity of bone marrow aspiration or specific serology for visceral leishmaniasis. Repeated marrow aspiration, performed due lack of clinical response, revealed histiocytes showing haemophagocytosis consistent with haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (HLH) and appropriate treatment was started. She continued to have high-grade fever, and a third bone marrow aspiration ultimately revealed presence of Leishmania amastigotes with evidence of active haemophagocytosis. The girl was treated with liposomal amphotericin (AmBisome) for 5 days, following which she recovered rapidly with definitive remission.
Publication details
- DOI
- 10.18295/2075-0528.2598
- Journal
- Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 4(1), 45-48
- Publisher
- Sultan Qaboos University
- Open access
- Gold open access
- License
- CC BY-ND 4.0
Cite this article
APA 7
Al-Sineidi, K., Wali, Y. A., Pathare, Z., & V., A. (2025). Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 4(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.18295/2075-0528.2598
MLA 9
Al-Sineidi, Khalfan, et al. "Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, 2025, pp. 45-48. https://doi.org/10.18295/2075-0528.2598.
Chicago (author–date)
Al-Sineidi, Khalfan, Yasser A. Wali, Zakia Pathare, and Anil V. 2025. "Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 4 (1): 45-48. https://doi.org/10.18295/2075-0528.2598.
Harvard
Al-Sineidi, K., Wali, Y. A., Pathare, Z. and V., A. (2025) 'Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child', Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 4(1), pp. 45-48. doi:10.18295/2075-0528.2598.
Vancouver
Al-Sineidi K, Wali YA, Pathare Z, V. A. Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal. 2025;4(1):45-48. doi:10.18295/2075-0528.2598
IEEE
K. Al-Sineidi, Y. A. Wali, Z. Pathare, and A. V., "Visceral leishmaniasis and haemophagocytic syndrome in an Omani child," Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 45-48, 2025, doi: 10.18295/2075-0528.2598.