Abstract
Agent-to-Agent (A2A) communication enables large language model (LLM) agents to exchange tasks, messages, and artifacts across organizations. A valid message alone does not establish that a final workflow claim is supported by a complete, ordered, and case-consistent evidence path. We present A2A-CaseVerify, a deterministic offline verifier that maps preserved A2A runtime objects, business events, and typed support edges to a directed case evidence graph. It commits A2A envelopes, event projections, and support edges, then combines event and edge leaves into a deterministic case Merkle root. The verifier returns SUPPORTED with status OK only when protection and profile-specific reconstruction checks pass. We evaluate one canonical supported healthcare-profile bundle and 13 controlled mutations. We separately test a valid bundle generated with the official Python A2A software development kit (SDK). In these tests, the canonical and SDK-generated bundles are accepted. All 13 mutations are rejected, and each returned reason-code set contains its targeted diagnostic code. A2A-CaseVerify adds offline case-level evidence-support verification to A2A interoperability.
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Cite this article
APA 7
Alshammari, A., & Bahsi, H. (2026). A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows. https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows
MLA 9
Alshammari, Adil, and Hayretdin Bahsi. "A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows." https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows.
Chicago (author–date)
Alshammari, Adil, and Hayretdin Bahsi. 2026. "A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows." https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows.
Harvard
Alshammari, A. and Bahsi, H. (2026) 'A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows', Available at: https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows.
Vancouver
Alshammari A, Bahsi H. A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows. https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows
IEEE
A. Alshammari, and H. Bahsi, "A2A-CaseVerify: Merkle-Linked Case-Evidence Verification for Cross-Organization A2A Workflows," https://omanscience.com/en/articles/a2a-caseverify-merkle-linked-case-evidence-verification-for-cross-organization-a2a-workflows.