[
    {
        "id": "osp-9940",
        "type": "article-journal",
        "title": "Urinary Tract Infections Among Patients in Primary Healthcare Centres in Bahrain: A cross-sectional study",
        "author": [
            {
                "family": "Alawainati",
                "given": "Mahmood"
            },
            {
                "family": "Ayoob",
                "given": "Zahra"
            },
            {
                "family": "Almajed",
                "given": "Eman"
            },
            {
                "family": "Al Khawaja",
                "given": "Safaa"
            },
            {
                "family": "Abdulaal",
                "given": "Noof"
            },
            {
                "family": "Alkhnaizi",
                "given": "Rehab"
            },
            {
                "family": "Shaheen",
                "given": "Hanin"
            },
            {
                "family": "Hubail",
                "given": "Fatema"
            },
            {
                "family": "Saeed",
                "given": "Nermin Kamal"
            }
        ],
        "URL": "https://omanscience.com/en/articles/urinary-tract-infections-among-patients-in-primary-healthcare-centres-in-bahrain-a-cross-sectional-study",
        "language": "en",
        "issued": {
            "date-parts": [
                [
                    2025
                ]
            ]
        },
        "container-title": "Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal",
        "volume": "25",
        "issue": "1",
        "page": "395-402",
        "DOI": "10.18295/2075-0528.2849",
        "publisher": "Sultan Qaboos University",
        "ISSN": "2075-051X",
        "abstract": "Objectives: This study aimed to determine the clinical and microbiological profiles of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in primary healthcare centres in Bahrain. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at 27 primary care centres in Bahrain between January and December 2022. All patients with positive urine cultures, defined as the presence of ≥100,000 colony-forming units/mL were included. Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, risk factors for resistant uropathogens, uropathogen types and antibiotic sensitivity outcomes were assessed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed. Results: A total of 1,985 patients were included, with an average age of 40.57 ± 20.18 years. Most participants were female (n = 1,802, 90.8%) and Bahraini (n = 1,699, 85.6%). Diabetes mellitus (20.1%) and hypertension (17.9%) were the most prevalent comorbidities among the participants. Escherichia coli (n = 1,220, 61.5%) and Klebsiella (n = 342, 17.2%) were the most common uropathogens identified. Nearly 1 in 5 patients had resistant uropathogens (n = 412, 20.8%), with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) uropathogens being the most prevalent (n = 401, 20.2%). Patients with diabetes (P"
    }
]