[
    {
        "id": "osp-2099",
        "type": "article-journal",
        "title": "The Effectiveness of a Voice Care Program Among Primary School Teachers in Northeastern Malaysia",
        "author": [
            {
                "family": "Sundram",
                "given": "Esther Rishma"
            },
            {
                "family": "Norsa’adah",
                "given": "Bachok"
            },
            {
                "family": "Mohamad",
                "given": "Hazama"
            },
            {
                "family": "Moy",
                "given": "Foong Ming"
            },
            {
                "family": "Husain",
                "given": "Nik Rosmawati Nik"
            },
            {
                "family": "Shafei",
                "given": "Mohd Nazri"
            }
        ],
        "URL": "https://omanscience.com/en/articles/the-effectiveness-of-a-voice-care-program-among-primary-school-teachers-in-northeastern-malaysia",
        "language": "en",
        "issued": {
            "date-parts": [
                [
                    2019
                ]
            ]
        },
        "container-title": "Oman Medical Journal",
        "DOI": "10.5001/omj.2019.08",
        "publisher": "Oman Medical Specialty Board",
        "ISSN": "1999-768X",
        "abstract": "Objectives: We sought to determine the effectiveness of a voice care program among primary school teachers in a northeastern district in Malaysia. Methods: We conducted a randomized community trial in eight primary schools in a northeastern district in Malaysia. The self-administered and validated Malay-Voice Handicap Index-10 (M-VHI-10) questionnaire was used to assess overall voice handicap scores pre-intervention and eight weeks post-intervention. Teachers with a score of five or more (n = 86) were randomized into intervention (n = 41) and control groups (n = 45). The intervention group received portable voice amplifiers and vocal hygiene instruction, which was delivered by lectures and a booklet. The control group was not prescribed any intervention. Results: The sociodemographic, lifestyle, and occupational characteristics of the teachers (except maximum number of students per class) were similar between both groups. The baseline M-VHI-10 scores between both groups were also comparable. After the intervention phase, there was a significant effect observed in the total M-VHI-10 scores (p = 0.021, F-stat (df): 5.33 (1,79)) between both groups after controlling for the maximum number of students per class. Conclusions: Our results support the use of voice amplification in adjunct with vocal hygiene instruction as a prevention and treatment modality to reduce voice handicap among teachers. Our study demonstrated encouraging evidence on the low-cost voice care program as well as the success of group and workplace-based approaches in the school setting."
    }
]