[
    {
        "id": "osp-2827",
        "type": "article-journal",
        "title": "Fatal E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-associated Lung Injury Secondary to Streptococcus Constellatus Empyema",
        "author": [
            {
                "family": "Li",
                "given": "Cheng Wei"
            },
            {
                "family": "Chan",
                "given": "Eng Tat"
            },
            {
                "family": "Nyanti",
                "given": "Larry Ellee"
            }
        ],
        "URL": "https://omanscience.com/en/articles/fatal-e-cigarette-or-vaping-product-use-associated-lung-injury-secondary-to-streptococcus-constellatus-empyema",
        "language": "en",
        "issued": {
            "date-parts": [
                [
                    2025
                ]
            ]
        },
        "container-title": "Oman Medical Journal",
        "DOI": "10.5001/omj.2025.07",
        "publisher": "Oman Medical Specialty Board",
        "ISSN": "1999-768X",
        "abstract": "Empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus in e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) can result in fatal outcomes. Empyema as a presentation of EVALI is rarely reported. S. constellatus is a known causative pathogen in empyema, typically associated with the elderly and immunocompromised states. We report the case of a 13-year-old male with a history of active e-cigarette use who presented to our center with right lung empyema, complicated by a suspected bronchopleural fistula. Despite chest drainage, antibiotic therapy, inotropic support, and mechanical ventilation, the patient ultimately succumbed to his illness. This case highlights a rarely reported severe complication of EVALI. Clinicians should be vigilant about obtaining a history of e-cigarette use in patients presenting with unexplained empyema."
    }
]