[
    {
        "id": "osp-12064",
        "type": "article-journal",
        "title": "Manifestations of coronavirus infection disease-19 in anterior eye segment: An up-to-date review",
        "author": [
            {
                "family": "Marzoog",
                "given": "Basheer Abdullah"
            }
        ],
        "URL": "https://omanscience.com/ar/articles/manifestations-of-coronavirus-infection-disease-19-in-anterior-eye-segment-an-up-to-date-review",
        "language": "en",
        "issued": {
            "date-parts": [
                [
                    2024
                ]
            ]
        },
        "container-title": "Oman Journal of Ophthalmology",
        "volume": "17",
        "issue": "1",
        "page": "4-10",
        "DOI": "10.4103/ojo.ojo_237_22",
        "publisher": "Medknow Publications",
        "ISSN": "0974-620X",
        "abstract": "Coronavirus infection disease-19 (COVID-19) is a worldwide catastrophic emergency that first appeared in late 2019, in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 is a multitropism disease that first affects lung tissue. However, extrapulmonary manifestations have been suspected from the first COVID-19 cases. The ocular signs and symptoms were from the early changes that occur during the course of the disease. Changes in the anterior eye segment have a relatively higher incidence than the posterior eye segment. Of which, conjunctivitis, COVID-19 pharyngioceratoconjuctivitis, iridocyclitis, corneal punctate epitheliopathy, and pathomorphological changes in the physio-anatomy of the anterior eye segment. The potential pathogenesis includes direct penetration of the virus into the eye (conjunctiva, lumbus, and cornea) or due to a systemic pathway through viremia, as well as due to autoimmune antibodies against the ocular structure (immune privilege). The presence of ocular manifestations of the external anterior fibrous layer suggests a mild course of the disease."
    }
]